Assessment of Detection of Helicobacter pylori by Using the Stool Antigen and Blood Antibody Tests among Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders in Western Libya
Keywords:
Helicobacter pylori, Upper gastrointestinal disorder, Stool antigen test, Blood antibody test, IgG, IgM, Western LibyaAbstract
Background: The stomach mucosa is home to the Gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium Helicobacter pylori. Numerous illnesses of the digestive tract, such as gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, and mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, are frequently linked to colonization with this pathogen. The most common methods used for diagnosis of H. pylori infection are serum IgG and IgA antibodies and stool antigen assays. Objectives: The aim of the study is to compare between stool antigen and blood antibody test (IgG and IgM) method for detection of Helicobacter pylori which associated with several upper gastrointestinal disorder among patients in Western Libya. Methodology: This study included 50 serum and stool specimens were collected from patients at the same day which containing 28 females and 22 males, their aged ranged from 10 to 70 years The data were obtained by questionnaire. The stool samples were analysed for H. pylori antigen using H. pylori antigen rapid test cassette kit, while the serum were analysed for IgG and IgM antibodies using Premier enzyme immunoassay. Results: Results of this study showed that prevalence of the infection increased with age greater than 21 years. In the present study stool specimens and serum samples were subjected to examination for detection of Antigen and Antibody respectively. Antibody was detected in 32 out of the 50 samples tested (64%) for IgG and 24 out of 50 samples tested (48%) for IgM. whereas Stool Antigen was positive in 23 (46%) out of 50 samples tested. The current study reveals that IgG showed a slightly greater number of positive cases than IgM and stool antigen test. Conclusion: Blood antibodies test method showed greater number of positive cases (64%) than the stool antigen tests method (46%) which may be due to past infection. Stool antigen test, which detects present but not previous infection of H. pylori, would be more accurate than serology test.
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